三字经英译

 

马牛羊　鸡犬豕　此六畜　人所饲
The horse, the ox, the sheep,
the fowl, the dog, the pig.
These six animals,
are those which men keep.

曰喜怒　曰哀惧　爱恶欲　七情具
We speak of joy, of anger,
we speak of pity, of fear,
of love , of hate and of desire.
These are the seven passions.

匏土革　木石金? @与丝竹　乃八音
The gound, earthenware,skin
wood, stone l,
silk and bamboo,
yield the eight musical sounds.

高曾祖　父而身　身而子　子而孙
Great great grandfather,great grandfather, grandfather,
father and self,
self and son,
son and grandson,

自子孙　至玄曾　乃九族　人之伦
from son and grandson,
on to great grandson and great great grandson.
These are the nine agnates,
constituting the kinships of man.

父子恩　夫妇从　兄则友　弟则恭
Affection between father and child,
harmony between husband and wife,
friendliness on the part of elder brothers,
respectfulness on the part of younger brothers,

长幼序　友与朋　君则敬　臣则忠
procedence(??) between elders and youngers, (probably : precedence )
as between friend and friend.
Respect on the part of the sovereign,
loyalty on the part of the subject.

此十义　人所同
These ten obligations,
are common to all men.

凡训蒙　须讲究 详训诂　名句读
In the education of the young,
there should be explanation and eluciation,
careful teaching of the interpretations of commentators,
and due attention to paragraphs and sentences.

为学者　必有初 小学终 至四书
Those who are learners,
must have a beginning.
The 'little learning' finished,
& nbsp; they proceed to the four books.

论语者　二十篇 群弟子　记善言
There is the Lun Yu (discourse or Analects),
in twenty sections.
In this, the various disciples,
have recorded the wise sayings of Confucious.

孟子者　七篇止　讲道德　说仁义
The works of Mencius,
have comprised in seven section.
These explain the way and exemplifications thereof,
and expound clarity and duty towards one's neighbour.

作中庸　子思笔　中不偏　庸不易
The Chung Yung (the doctrine of the mean),
by the pen of Tzu-su;
Chung (the middle) being that which odes not lean towards any side,
Yung( the course) being that which cannot be changed.

作大学　乃曾子　自修齐　至平治
He who wrote the 'Great Learning'
was the philosopher Tseng.
Beginning with cultivation of the individual and ordering of the family,
It goes on to government of one's own State and ordering of the family.

孝经通　四书熟　如六经　始可读
When the 'Classic of Filial Piety' is mastered,
and the 'Four books' are known by heart.
The next step is to the 'Six classics',
which may now be studied.

诗书易　礼春秋　号六经　当讲求
The Books of Poetry, of History and of Changes.
The 'Rites of Chou Dynasty, the book of Tites, and the 'Spring and Autum
Annals'
are the six classics
which should be carefully explained and analysed.

有连山　有归藏　有周易　三易详
There is the Lien Shan System,
there is the Kuei Tsang
And there is the system of Changes of the Chou Dynasty,
such are the 3 systems which elucidate the changes.

有典谟　有训诰　有誓命　书之奥
There are the Regulations and the Counsels,
The Instruction, The Annoucements,
The Oaths, The Charges,
These are the profundities of the Book of History.

我周公　作周礼　着六官 存治体
Our Duke of Chou,
drew up the Ritual of the Chou Dynasty,
in which he set forth the duties of the six classes of officials;
and thus gave a settled form to the government.

大小戴　注礼记　述圣言　礼乐备
The Elder and the Younger Tai,
wrote commentaries on the Book of Rites.
They publish the holy words,
and Ceremonies and Music were set in order.

曰国风　曰雅颂　号四诗　当讽咏
We speak of the Kuo Feng,
we speak of the Ya and the Sung.
These are the four sections of the Book of poetry,
which should be hummed over and over.

诗既亡　春秋作　寓褒贬　别善恶
When odes ceased to be made,
the Spring and Autumn Annals were produced.
These Annals contain praise and blame,
and distinguish the good from the bad.

三传者　有公羊　有左氏　有彀梁
The three commentaries upon the above,
include that of Kung-Yang,
th at of Tso
and that of Ku-Liang.

经既明　方读子　撮其要　记其事
When the classics were understood,
then the writings of the various philosophers should be read.
Pick out the important points in each,
and take a note of the facts.

五子者　有荀杨　文中子　及老庄
The five chielf phlosophers,
are Haun, Yang,
Wen Chung Tzu
Lao Tzu and Chung Tzu.

经子通　读诸史　考世系　知终始
When the classics and the philosophers are mastered,
the various histories should then be read,
and the genealogical connections should be examined,
so that the end of one dynasty and the beginning of the next be known.

自羲农　至黄帝　号三皇　居上世
From Fu Hsi and Shen Nung.
(??on ?? probably to or onto ) the Yellow Emperor,
these are called the three rulers.
who lived in the early ages.

唐有虞　号二帝　相揖逊　称盛世
Tang and Yu-Yu
are called the two emperors.
They adbicated, one after the other,
and their was called the Golden Age.

夏有禹　商有汤　周文武　称三王
The Hsia dynasty has Yu
and the Shang dynasty has T'ang'
The Chou dynasty had Wen and Wu;
these are called the Three Kings

夏传子　家天下　四百载　迁夏社
Under the Hsia dynasty the throne was transmitted from father to son,
making a family possession of the empire.
A fter four hundred years,
the imperial sacrifice passed from the house of Hsia.

汤伐夏　国号商　六百载　至纣亡
T'ang the completer destroyed the Hsia Dynasty,
and the Dynastic title became Shang.
The line lasted for six hundred years,
ending with Chou Hsin.

周武王　始诛纣 八百载　最长久
King Wu of the Chou Dynasty
finally slew Chou Hsin.
His own line lasted for eight hundred years;
the longest dynasty of all.

周辙东　王纲堕　逞干戈　尚游说
When the Chous made tracks eastwards,
the feudal bond was slackened;
the arbitrament of spear and shields prevailed;
and peripatetic politicians were held in high esteem.

始春秋　终战国　五霸强　七雄出
This period began with the Spring and Autum Epoch
and ended with that of the Warring States.
Next, the Five Chieftains domineered,
and Seven Martial States came to the front.

嬴秦氏　始兼并　传二世　楚汉争
Then the House of Chin, descended from the Ying clan,
finally united all the states under one sway.
The thrown was transmitted to Erh Shih,
upon which followed the struggle between the Ch'u and the Han states.

高祖兴　汉业建　至孝平　王莽篡
Then Kao Tsu arose,
and the House of Han was established.
When we come to the reign of Hsiao P'ing,
Wang Mang usurped the throne.

光武兴　为东汉　四百年　终于献
Then K uang Wu arose,
and founded the Eastern Han Dynasty.
It lasted four hundred years,
and ended with the Emperor Hsien.

魏蜀吴　争汉鼎　号三国　迄两晋
Wei, Shu and Wu,
fought for the sovereignty of the Hans.
They were called the Three Kingdoms,
and existed until the two Chin Dynasties.

宋齐继　梁陈承　为南朝　都金陵
Then followed the Sung and the Ch'i dynasties,
and after them the Liang and Ch'en dynasties
These are the Southen dynasties,
with their capital at Nanking.

北元魏　分东西　宇文周　兴高齐
The northern dynasties are the Wei dynasty and the Yuan family
which split into Eastern and Western Wei.
The Chou dynasty and the Yuwen family,
with the Ch'i dynasty of the Kao family.

迨至隋　一土宇　不再传　失统绪
At length, under the Sui dynasty,
the empire was united under one ruler.
The throne was not transmitted twice,
succession to power being loast

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